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KEITHLEY - 2450 Source Measure Unit (SMU)
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KEITHLEY - 2450 Source Measure Unit (SMU)
Brand: Keithley
Model: 2450
Product Introduction:
The 2450 is Keithley's next-generation SourceMeter source measure unit (SMU) instrument that truly brings Ohm's law (current, voltage, and resistance) testing right to your fingertips. Its innovative graphical user interface (GUI) and advanced, capacitive touchscreen technology allow intuitive usage and minimize the learning curve to enable engineers and scientists to learn faster, work smarter, and invent easier. The 2450 is the SMU for everyone: a versatile instrument, particularly well-suited for characterizing modern scaled semiconductors, nano-scale devices and materials, organic semiconductors, printed electronics, and other small-geometry and low-power devices. All this combined with Keithley SMU precision and accuracy allows users to Touch, Test, Invent® with the new favorite go-to instrument in the lab for years to come.
Key Features
Voltage Specifications
Current Specifications
Temperature Coefficient (0°–18°C and 28°–50°C) ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C.
Script (TSP) Programmed
SCPI Programmed
Brand: Keithley
Model: 2450
Product Introduction:
The 2450 is Keithley's next-generation SourceMeter source measure unit (SMU) instrument that truly brings Ohm's law (current, voltage, and resistance) testing right to your fingertips. Its innovative graphical user interface (GUI) and advanced, capacitive touchscreen technology allow intuitive usage and minimize the learning curve to enable engineers and scientists to learn faster, work smarter, and invent easier. The 2450 is the SMU for everyone: a versatile instrument, particularly well-suited for characterizing modern scaled semiconductors, nano-scale devices and materials, organic semiconductors, printed electronics, and other small-geometry and low-power devices. All this combined with Keithley SMU precision and accuracy allows users to Touch, Test, Invent® with the new favorite go-to instrument in the lab for years to come.
Key Features
- Capabilities of analyzers, curve tracers, and I-V systems at a fraction of their cost
- Five-inch, high resolution capacitive touchscreen GUI
- 0.012% basic measure accuracy with 6½-digit resolution
- Enhanced sensitivity with new 20mV and 10nA source/measure ranges
- Source and sink (four-quadrant) operation
- Four ''Quickset'' modes for fast setup and measurements
- Built-in, context-sensitive front panel help
- Front panel input banana jacks; rear panel input triaxial connections
- 2450 SCPI and TSP® scripting programming modes
- 2400 SCPI-compatible programming mode
- Front panel USB memory port for storing data, programming, instrument configurations, and to upgrade the unit
Voltage Specifications
| Source | Measure3 | |||||
| Range | Resolution |
Accuracy (23° ± 5°C) 1 Year ±(% setting + volts) |
Noise (RMS) (<10 Hz)6 | Resolution | Input Resistance |
Accuracy (23° ± 5°C) 1 Year ±(% rdg. + volts) |
| 20.00000 mV | 500 nV | 0.100% + 200 μV | 1 μV | 10 nV | >10 GΩ | 0.100% + 150 μV |
| 200.0000 mV | 5 μV | 0.015% + 200 μV | 1 μV | 100 nV | >10 GΩ | 0.012% + 200 μV |
| 2.000000 V | 50 μV | 0.020% + 300 μV | 10 μV | 1 μV | >10 GΩ | 0.012% + 300 μV |
| 20.00000 V | 500 μV | 0.015% + 2.4 mV | 100 μV | 10 μV | >10 GΩ | 0.015% + 1 mV |
| 200.0000 V | 5 mV | 0.015% + 24 mV | 1 mV | 100 μV | >10 GΩ | 0.015% + 10 mV |
| Source | Measure3 | |||||
| Range | Resolution |
Accuracy (23° ±5°C)4 1 Year ±(% setting + amps) |
Noise (RMS) (<10 Hz)6 | Resolution | Voltage Burden |
Accuracy (23° ±5°C) 1 Year ±(% rdg. + amps) |
| 10.00000 nA5 | 500 fA | 0.100% + 100 pA | 500 fA | 10 fA | <100 μV | 0.100% + 50 pA |
| 100.0000 nA5 | 5 pA | 0.060% + 150 pA | 500 fA | 100 fA | <100 μV | 0.060% + 100 pA |
| 1.000000 μA | 50 pA | 0.025% + 400 pA | 5 pA | 1 pA | <100 μV | 0.025% + 300 pA |
| 10.00000 μA | 500 pA | 0.025% + 1.5 nA | 40 pA | 10 pA | <100 μV | 0.025% + 700 pA |
| 100.0000 μA | 5 nA | 0.020% + 15 nA | 400 pA | 100 pA | <100 μV | 0.020% + 6 nA |
| 1.000000 mA | 50 nA | 0.020% + 150 nA | 5 nA | 1 nA | <100 μV | 0.020% + 60 nA |
| 10.00000 mA | 500 nA | 0.020% + 1.5 μA | 40 nA | 10 nA | <100 μV | 0.020% + 600 nA |
| 100.0000 mA | 5 μA | 0.025% + 15 μA | 100 nA | 100 nA | <100 μV | 0.025% + 6 μA |
| 1.000000 A | 50 μA | 0.067% + 900 μA | 3 μA | 1 μA | <100 μV | 0.030% + 500 μA |
Temperature Coefficient (0°–18°C and 28°–50°C) ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C.
Resistance Measurement Accuracy (Local or Remote Sense)
| Source | Measure3 | |||||
| Range | Default Resolution3 | Default Test Current |
Normal Accuracy (23°C ±5°C) 1 Year, ±(% rdg. + ohms) |
Enhanced Accuracy4(23°C ±5°C) 1 Year, ±(% rdg. + ohms) |
||
| <2.000000 Ω5 | 1 μΩ | User defined | Source.IACC + Meas.VACC | Meas.IACC + Meas.VACC | ||
| 20.00000 Ω | 10 μΩ | 100 mA | 0.098% + 0.003 Ω | 0.073% + 0.001 Ω | ||
| 200.0000 Ω | 100 μΩ | 10 mA | 0.077% + 0.03 Ω | 0.053% + 0.01 Ω | ||
| 2.000000 kΩ | 1 mΩ | 1 mA | 0.066% + 0.3 Ω | 0.045% + 0.1 Ω | ||
| 20.00000 kΩ | 10 mΩ | 100 μA | 0.063% + 3 Ω | 0.043% + 1 Ω | ||
| 200.0000 kΩ | 100 mΩ | 10 μA | 0.065% + 30 Ω | 0.046% + 10 Ω | ||
| 2.000000 MΩ | 1 Ω | 1 μA | 0.110% + 300 Ω | 0.049% + 100 Ω | ||
| 20.00000 MΩ | 10 Ω | 1 μA | 0.110% + 1 kΩ | 0.052% + 500 Ω | ||
| 200.0000 MΩ | 100 Ω | 100 nA | 0.655% + 10 kΩ | 0.349% + 5k Ω | ||
| >200.000000 Ω5 | - | User defined | Source.IACC + Meas.VACC | Meas.IACC + Meas.VACC | ||
| Temperature Coefficient (0°–18°C and 28°–50°C) | ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C. |
| Source Current, Measure Resistance Mode | Total uncertainty = Isource accuracy + Vmeasure accuracy (4-wire remote sense). |
| Source Voltage, Measure Resistance Mode | Total uncertainty = Vsource accuracy + Imeasure accuracy (4-wire remote sense). |
| Guard Output Impedance | 0.5 Ω (DC) in ohms mode. |
Operating Characteristics
| Max. Output Power | 20 W, four-quadrant source or sink operation. | ||||||||||||
| Source Limits |
Vsource: ±21 V (≤ 1 A range), ±210 V (≤ 100 mA range). Isource: ±1.05 A (≤ 20 V range), ±105 mA (≤ 200 V range). |
||||||||||||
| Overrange | 105% of range, source and measure. | ||||||||||||
| Regulation |
Voltage: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: 0.01% of range + 100 µV. Current: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: 0.01% of range + 100 pA. |
||||||||||||
| Source Limits |
Voltage Source Current Limit: Bipolar current limit set with single value. Min. 10% of range. Current Source Voltage Limit: Bipolar voltage limit set with single value. Min. 10% of range. |
||||||||||||
| V-Limit / I-Limit Accuracy | Add 0.3% of setting and ±0.02% of reading to base specification. | ||||||||||||
| Overshoot |
Voltage Source: <0.1% typical (full scale step, resistive load, 20 V range, 10 mA I-Limit. Current Source: <0.1% typical (1 mA step, RLoad = 10 kΩ, 20 V range). |
||||||||||||
| Range Change Overshoot | Overshoot into a fully resistive 100 kΩ load, 10 Hz to 20 MHz BW, adjacent ranges: 250 mV typical. | ||||||||||||
| Output Settling Time | Time required to reach 0.1% of final value after command is processed and output slew, 20 V range, 100 mA I-Limit: <200 µs typical. | ||||||||||||
| Maximum Slew Rate | 0.2 V/μs, 200 V range, 100 mA limit into a 2 kΩ load (typical). | ||||||||||||
| Over Voltage Protection | User selectable values, 5% tolerance. Factory default = none. | ||||||||||||
| Voltage Source Noise | Typical 10 Hz–1 MHz (RMS): 2 mV typical into a resistive load. | ||||||||||||
| Common Mode Voltage | 250 V DC. | ||||||||||||
| Common Mode Isolation | >1 GΩ, <1000 pF. | ||||||||||||
| Noise Rejection (typical) |
|
||||||||||||
| Load Impedance |
20 nF typical (standard). Stable into 50 μF typical (High-C mode). High-C mode valid for ≥100 µA range s, ≥200 mV ranges. |
||||||||||||
| Max. Voltage Drop Between Force and Sense Terminals | 5 V. | ||||||||||||
| Max. Sense Lead Resistance | 1 MΩ for rated accuracy | ||||||||||||
| Sense Input Impedance | >10 GΩ. | ||||||||||||
| Guard Offset Voltage | <300 µV, typical |
System Measurement Speeds
Reading Rates (readings/second) typical for 60 Hz (50 Hz):Script (TSP) Programmed
| Measure | Source-Measure Sweep | |||||||
| NPLC/Trigger Origin | To Mem. | To GPIB | To USB | To LAN | To Mem | To GPIB | To USB | To LAN |
| 0.01 / Internal | 3130 (2800) | 2830 (2570) | 2825 (2600) | 2790 (2530) | 1710 (1620) | 1620 (1540) | 1630 (1540) | 1620 (1540) |
| 0.01 / External | 2170 (2050) | 2150 (2030) | 2170 (2040) | 2160 (1990) | 1670 (1590) | 1580 (1500) | 1590 (1510) | 1580 (1510) |
| 0.1 / Internal | 540 (460) | 530 (450) | 530 (450) | 530 (450) | 470 (410) | 460 (400) | 470 (400) | 470 (400) |
| 0.1 / External | 500 (430) | 490 (420) | 500 (430) | 500 (420) | 470 (400) | 460 (390) | 460 (400) | 460 (400) |
| 1.00 / Internal | 59 (49) | 58 (49) | 59 (49) | 59 (49) | 58 (48) | 58 (48) | 58 (48) | 58 (48) |
| 1.00 / External | 58 (48) | 57 (48) | 58 (48) | 58 (48) | 57 (48) | 57 (47) | 57 (48) | 57 (48) |
| Measure | Source-Measure Sweep | |||||||
| NPLC/Trigger Origin | To Mem. | To GPIB | To USB | To LAN | To Mem | To GPIB | To USB | To LAN |
| 0.01 / Internal | 3130 (2800) | 3060 (2760) | 3000 (2790) | 3010 (2710) | 1710 (1630) | 1610 (1600) | 1440 (1380) | 1690 (1590) |
| 0.01 / External | 2350 (2200) | 2320 (2170) | 2340 (2190) | 2320 (2130) | 1680 (1590) | 1560 (1570) | 1410 (1360) | 1660 (1560) |
| 0.1 / Internal | 540 (460) | 540 (450) | 540 (460) | 540 (450) | 470 (410) | 470 (410) | 450 (390) | 470 (410) |
| 0.1 / External | 510 (440) | 510 (430) | 510 (440) | 510 (430) | 470 (400) | 470 (400) | 450 (390) | 470 (400) |
| 1.00 / Internal | 59 (49) | 59 (49) | 59 (49) | 59 (49) | 58 (48) | 58 (48) | 57 (48) | 58 (48) |
| 1.00 / External | 58 (49) | 58 (49) | 58 (49) | 58 (49) | 58 (48) | 58 (48) | 57 (47) | 58 (48) |